Tuberculous lesions in pigs in the Czech Republic during 1990.1999: occurrence, causal factors and economic losses.
2003
Pavlik I., Matlova, L., Dvorska, L., Bartl, J., Oktabcova, L., Docekal, J., Parmova, I.
A total of 45,873,318 pigs were slaughtered and examined for the occurrence of tuberculous lesions. Apart from 1991, when results of tuberculous findings were not obtained, tuberculous lesions were found in 0.32% of the 41,458,565 pigs examined in the remaining nine years. During a detailed analysis of the pathological anatomical examination of 190,940 pigs slaughtered in one district, tuberculous lesions in lymph nodes were found in 2.2% of pigs: mesenteric 65.3%, submandibular 18.6%, inguinal 0.1% and simultaneously intestinal and head lymph nodes 15.9%. Miliary tuberculosis was found only in the parenchymatous organs of 0.1% of pigs. Mycobacteria were isolated from 41.8% of pigs. Mycobacterium bovis was detected in only 0.07% of animals, M. avium complex (MAC) in 94.8% of animals. Conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria (M. chelonae, M. terrae, M. phlei and M. fortuitum) were isolated from 5.1% of pigs. Two marked increases in the findings of tuberculous lesions were recorded: In the mid-1990s and at the end of the 1990s. The predominant occurrence of M. a. avium isolates of genotype IS901+ and IS1245+ in the first half of the 1990s was replaced above all by M. a. hominissuis isolates of genotype IS901- and IS1245+. The reason for this was probably a change in the sources of infection for pigs. In the years 1996 to 1999, Rhodococcus equi was isolated from 11.6% of the 1,745 animals examined.
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