Pedogenne a fytocenologicke charakteristiky lesnych ekosystemov v Statnej prirodnej rezervacii Zadna Polana.
1995
Kukla J. | Kontris J. | Kontrisova O.
Soils of the western part of the Zadna Polana State Nature Reserve (SNR) were formed from andesite pyroclastics containing volcanic glass. Andosolic cambisol is dominant, followed by subdominant pseudogleyic andosolic cambisol. Less often psephitic cambisol occurs (skeleton content more than 50 %), from place to place overlaid by debris and/or pseodogleyed, cambisolic andosol (horizon A more than 15 cm), ranker, lithosol, gley and turfosol. Allophanes present in the clay fraction of these soils increase (along with active aluminium) the speed of humus accumulation. They are formed only in well-drained soil horizons. The soils of SNR are mostly part of the hemioligotrophic ecological order of geobiocenes (a state of equilibrium with the topsoil pH H2O 3.9-4.9). Only the saprosolic gley subtype with pH H2O more than 6 is considerably different trophically. From the hydric point of view it is possible to separate them into 4 ecological geobiocene orders - leading, wetted, wet and slightly restricted. Spruce forests with Vaccinium myrtillus and beech woods with forb-rich undergrowth are wide-spread on soil types andosolic cambisol, cambisolic andosol and partially also psephitic andosolic cambisol. They have developed in their typical form (with dominance of Vaccinium myrtillus species), in a grassy-herb form (with dominance of Calamagrostis villosa species), in a managed form (with dominance of Rubus idaeus species) and in a monoculture form. Climax beech forests with forb-rich undergrowth are frequent on andosolic cambisols at elevations below 1,100 m. Spruce is often dominant in beech stands with intense management; beech dominates in natural beech stands where mountain ash, maple and elm are also present.
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