Propositions pour un amenagement des forets a Madagascar.
1996
Mueller U.
Madagascar is an island with a length of roughly 1500 km and a width of about 800 km. It has a surface area of 590,000 square km. Until the present day a forest act dating from 1930 has been in force. This act provides for a central forest administration which is responsible for the supervision and exploitation of the forests which are almost exclusively state owned. The forest management should follow a classical European scheme (sustained yield control by means of standing volume). This is, however not possible for various reasons: the forest service is too weak and the forest districts are huge; the pressure from the population for new land is enormous, especially because of sinking productivity, and the farmers have no access to new investments; knowledge of natural sciences and forest sciences is poor and completely insufficient to allow the implementation of a classical forest management; land ownership in the European sense is almost non-existent, which makes forest management or development planning more difficult. Therefore, a decentralised and participatory planning for the exploitation of forest resources, in which the forest service plays an advisory role, is being proposed. International agencies have to undergo the same procedure as the forest service. The latter does not have a police function anymore but an advisory function. In view of the enormous pressure on the forest, it is questionable whether Madagascar has enough time to introduce a new and participatory system of exploitation planning.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]