Influence of organic manure, composted refuse and nitrogen fertilization, and their combination, on carrots.
1994
Sagiv B.
Carrots (variety Nantes) were the 35'th crop grown on the permanent plots at the Gilat Regional Experiment Station (ARO) in the Negev. The experiment included 16 treatments: 4 long-range manure and compost treatments combined with 4 nitrogen fertilization levels. The drip irrigation system was used. The organic manure treatments were applied 10 times from 1961 (when the permanent plot experiment was started) until seeding the carrots in the present experiment on 20/10/1992. The treatments were as follows: 1) no manure, 2) organic manure (cattle) at 3 tons/dunam, 3) organic manure (cattle) at 9 tons/dunam, and 4) composted municipal waste at 3 tons/dunam. The last manure and compost application was in the autumn of 1991, carrots being the second crop after their application. The four nitrogen fertilization treatments were 0, 10, 20 and 30 kg N/dunam. The nitrogen was applied through the irrigation system. The carrots were irrigated once a week and the total amount of water applied throughout the growing season was 400 m3/dunam, equal to all treatments. Rainfall during the season was 260 mm. Result showed that N fertilization had a significant effect upon yield in the treatments without organic manure. Yield was decreased by either N deficiency or N excess. In the organic manure treatments with no N fertilization, yield was double that of the control. The maximum yield in the fertilization treatments where no manure was applied, was obtained in the 20 kg N/dunam treatment: 8 ton/dunam total yield with 6.4 tons/dunam marketable. The highest yield was obtained with the combination of organic compost with 30 kg N/dunam, yielding 8.3 tons total and 7 tons/dunam marketable yield. In this treatment, the N uptake by plants was 22 kg N/dunam - 11.3 kg in the root and the rest in the shoot. Total P uptake was 5.2 kg P/dunam, with 3.5 kg in the root, the rest in the shoot. Total K uptake was 48 kg P/dunam, 27 kg in the root and the rest in the shoot.
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