Manejo sanitario y presencia de enfermedades durante el almacenamiento de tomates (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill).
1990
Berti D Marisol Tatiana
Field experiments to prevent and control the tomato moth (Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meyrick)) and tomato early (Alternaria solani) and late (Phytophthora infestans) blights were done on the tomato varieties Duke and Small Fry. The insecticides profenofos, cartap, triflumuron, and permetrin were evaluated to prevent the tomato moth damage to the fruit. The fungicides: mancozeb (80%), mancozeb (64%) + cimoxamilo (8%), mancozeb (48%) + metalaxyl (10%) and mancozeb (20%) + copper (21%) to prevent the tomato blights were also tested. An appropriate level of control of the tomato fruit moth with the insecticides used was obtained, thus increasing the number of fruits good for export. The evaluation of the damage caused by early and late blights under field conditions, showed an adequate level of control of early blight. Late blight was not observed in the field. The post harvest study was done with fruits produced in the previous experiment as well as with fruits of cultivar Cal-Ace used as a known susceptible control. Fruits were treated with the fungicides: mancozeb (80%), carbendazim, dichlofluanid and the wettable agent was done. Fruits showing a maturity stage of breaker were utilized. The fungicide dichlofluanid reduced postharvest fungal rots in the cultivars Duke and Cal-Ace, although the level of control cannot be considered as sufficient to maintain healthy fruits. Cultivar Small Fry's fruits were less damaged by fruit rots than those from Duke and Cal-Ace. The most frequently found fungal genera were: Cladosporium sp., Stemphyllium sp., Alternaria sp., Rhizopus sp. and Penicillium sp., in the same order of occurrence. Cladosporium sp. was more frequently observed on Duke's and Cal-Ace's tomato fruits and Stemphylium sp. was on Cal-Ace's fruits.
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