Comparison of several organic matter sources on growth, development and yield of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) var KDML 105

Organic production method has been gradually expanded due to an increase of domestic demand in organic produces, especially among health conscious and food safety concerned people. In Thailand, 3,428.57 ha of organic agricultural farms are accredited. Most of organic agricultural products are primary products, especially rice, vegetables and fruits.This organic research was undertaken at University of Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen campus in Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. Treatment conditions were from four organic matter sources, two of green manure, Sebania rostrata(sesbania), Vigra radiata var. Chai-Nard 60(mung bean), and other two of farm manure as chicken manure compared with cow manure on Oryza sativa L. Var Khao Dawk Mali 105(KDML 105), Thailand high-quality rice for export,by transplanting at 25x25 cm. plant-spacing .The experiment was designed in Completely Randomized with 12 replications and was employed under organic paddy field condition to investigate the relative growth, development, and their yield to produce organic rice during rainy season. Green manure increasingly affected the plant height between 45-120 days significantly (at 120.50-123.23 cm). In addition, it increased the number of tiller/hill(up to 14.66-14.95 tiller/hill)significantly and produced more 17.05 panicles/hill in KDML 105 rice. All organic treatment induced their flowering percentage(flowered tiller)more than 92%, which was significantly higher than that of conventional procedure.Organic rice applied by farm manure showed higher yield than that of green manure significantly. Nevertheless by organic treatment, the yield was significantly higher 20.65 to 24.76%(3.83-4.24 metric tons/ha) compared with the yield gained from conventional practice. Farm manure, yielding about 4.07-4.24 tons/ha gave higher produce than that of green manure, 3.83-4.02 tons/ha significantly. The flag leaf of organic culms was expanded in leaf length (33.04-48.35 cm.) compared with 20.20 cm. of common leaf length, as a source-sink relationship of organic grain. In organic field, grain numbers per panicle were set significantly higher than the conventional significantly, up to 235.08 grains of totally 242.85 grains. Ear length and weight of 100 grains did not differ among organic treatment with their ordinary characteristics. Maturation stage of organic produce was significantly found in green manure more rapid than farm manure for 10 days. The consistent in leaf, stem and soil chemicals were also analyzed throughout their growth and development.