Effect of deficit [of] readily available water in soil on morphological characteristics, yield and yield components of onion | Uticaj deficita lakopristupačne vode u zemljištu na morfološke osobine, komponente prinosa i prinos crnog luka
2012
Pejić, B., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Bošnjak, Dj., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Mačkić, K., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Gvozdanović-Varga, J., Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Stričević, R., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd - Zemun (Serbia) | Janković, D., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia)
In order to investigate the possibility of onion production from seed in conditions without irrigation under the ecological conditions of Vojvodina (Serbia) the study was conducted at Rimski Šančevi experiment field of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops on the calcareous chernozem soil of the loess terrace. Potential evapotranspiration (ETP) of onion during growing season were calculated using the procedure of water balance, and bioclimatic method using hydrophytothermic index (K), the value of which had been estimated at 0.19 for onion in the climate of Vojvodina. After determining the ETP value, the actual evapotranspiration (ETR) was calculated on the basis of precipitation data and pre-vegetation soil water reserve. These values were then used to calculate the readily available soil water deficit during the onion growing season. In the study period the consumption of water on the ETP and ETR ranged from 446-495 mm and 249-417 mm respectively. Deficit of readily available water in the soil was 78 mm, 114 mm and 197 mm in 2005, 2006 and 2007 respectively. Determined deficit of readily available water in the soil was negatively affect all tested parameters (bulb yield r = -0.847**, bulb weight r = - 0.760**, bulb diameter r = - 0.712**, bulb height r = - 0.547*, plant height r = -0.864**). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the production of onions from seed in varying climatic conditions of Vojvodina is possible only under irrigation conditions.
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