Industrialization, technology and employment in the People's Republic of China
RAWSKI, T.
This paper reviews current evidence on employment in China, and the policies pursued to increase labor absorption in agriculture and industry. In the 1950s, China suffered from considerable unemployment in urban and rural areas, but according to all available evidence, made major steps towards achieving a fully and productively engaged labor force. Increased labor absorption in rural areas was the main achievement, reflecting a rise in economically productive labor-intensive inputs into agriculture and farm support activities (including rural industries). Industrial policies, on the other hand, have generally acted to increase capital intensity--though there is no evidence of involuntary employment in cities.
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