Learning from the poor : a participatory poverty assessment in Kenya
Narayan, Deepa | Nyamwaya, David
The Kenya Participatory Poverty Assessment (PPA) was undertaken by the Government of Kenya and the World Bank in 1994. Its primary objectives were to: a) understand poverty from the perspective of the poor and those providing services to them; b) start a process of dialogue between policymakers, district-level providers, and the poor; and c) address the issue of the "value added" of the PPA approach to understanding poverty. The key findings are as follows: i) Poverty had increased and become pervasive. ii) The findings of the PPA and those of the 1992 WMS (Welfare Monitoring System) held by the Government of Kenya were similar. iii) Village residents had no problem identifying the poor and the reasons for their poverty. iv) In many districts, sharp differences were noted between the district leaders' understanding of poverty in their areas and the perceptions and experiences of village people. v) Most of the poor felt that their future situation would get worse. vi) People linked growing poverty with inflation. vii) Cost-sharing was depriving the poor of education and health care. viii) Access to water was a major challenge facing the poor. ix) Due to distrust, the poor visited government health facilities only as a last resort. x) The pattern of greater poverty among female-headed households was true for every district. xi) Indigenous social networks played a disproportionately important role in the lives of the poor.
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