Sea Surface Analysis in Support of the NRL NWP Modeling
2011
Flatau, Piotr J.
We report on our work on estimation of sea surface temperature (SST) from satellite infrared imagery and its applications to numerical weather forecasting and as means to reduce noise in satellite data retrievals influenced by skin SST diurnal effects). Current approach is based on the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the first Meteorological Operational satellite (Metop-A) and NOAA19 as well as NOAA18 matched in time and space to the fixed and drifting buoy surface SST. The basic state fields are based on analyzed atmospheric fields from the NRL Monterey NOGAPS global numerical weather prediction system, the forward and inverse model interface to both CRTM and RTTOV were developed. A reduced state vector comprises of skin SST, total column water vapor as well as atmospheric temperature and ozone. Operational SST retrievals from NAVOCEANO are used and the relevant dataset is described. The SST data stream contains BT temperatures in Channels 3-5, satellite geometry, fixed and drifting buoy matchups. We observe significant contributions to the local standard deviations of SST which are due to total precipitable water (PW) bias particularly for large PW contents of the order of 4-7 cm in tropics. Using linear empirical bias corrections provides method to reduce retrieved top of the atmosphere brightness temperature minus AVHRR observed BT.
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