Spatial and temporal distribution of crop straw resources in 30 years in China | 近30年来中国农作物秸秆资源量的时空分布

中国人. 分析1978-2009年中国农作物秸秆产量的变化，并估算2009年中国农作物秸秆资源的数量和地理分布。在已有研究的基础上，筛选出合适的秸秆系数，对中国田间秸秆产量进行全面、系统的估算，同时结合地理信息软件ArcView，对其时空分布进行分析。随着农业综合生产能力的提高，中国田间秸秆总量总体上呈不断增长的趋势；2009年全国作物秸秆总量达69 841.92万t；从种植结构的角度进行分析发现，稻谷、小麦和玉米秸秆依然是中国主要的农作物秸秆类型；中国农作物秸秆的分布基本上以400 mm等降水量线为界，其产量由西北向东南呈逐渐增加的趋势。中国的农作物秸秆分布具有一定的地域特征，且产量较大，具有可观的新能源开发利用前景。

英语. The spatial distribution of Chinese crop straw resources in 2009 was investigated, and its changing tendency from 1978 to 2009 was analyzed. By choosing suitable ratio of main products’ output to that of by-products, the quantity of straw resource was further calculated and its spatial distribution in 2009 was evaluated by adopting the ArcView software. The results showed that the total straw yield increased sharply in 1997-2009 with the improvement of agricultural comprehensive production capacity, and the total output of straw resource in 2009 reached 698.419 2 million tons. Rice, wheat and maize straw were the main source of crop straw resource in the view of crops planting structure. The yield of crop straw resource in 2009 was increased gradually from the northwest to the southeast, and could be divided into relative higher and lower parts in line with the boundary of 400 mm rainfall of China. The crop straw resource in China had a great potential in the future new energy development, and showed regular spatial distribution characterization.