Biochemical studies on papaya, Carica papaya L.

The chemical composition of papaya (Carica papaya L.) were studied. The proximate analysis was found to be 6.38,29.06 and 32.76, crude protein 0.43,26.36 and 7.85, total lipid 7.91, 8.7 and 14.87, ash, 7.75, 21.88 and 14.38, crude fiber 85.82, 35.88 and55.48, total carbohydrate 78.07 , 14.0 and 41.1 ,total hydrolysable carbohydrate in fruit ,seed and leaf., respectively. The ash contained (mg/l00g) 84.59, 114.34 and 143.63 Mg 246.70,135.45and136.00 Na.53, 2.12 and 1.65 Zn 0.05, 0.31and 0.98, Mn l.61, 2.75 and 10.05 Fe 57.83, 113.11 and 309.67 Ca 995.4, 1199.3 and 946.37 K 0.12, 0.36 and 0.29 Cu in fruit, seed and leaf., respectively. The phenolic compound contents (ppm) were determined. The results show the presence of pyrogallol (1261.5) ,catechein, (2200.8),gallic (60),vanillic (63.98) ellagic (10.9)and protocatchoic (556.4) in fruit. Catechein (380.04) , caffeic (53.53) , gallic (20.9), vanillic (51.09), syrengic (4.1) , caffeine (9.75) , ellagic (3.2) , cinnamic(0.6) in seed. Catechein (2807.5),coumarin (19.988) ,vanillic (670.05) , ferruleic (3.58),chrisin(4.35 ) ,cinnamic (10.61) and catechol (1035.27) in leaf. It is clear that the phenolic compounds in leaves are higer than those in fruit and seed. . Flavonoid contents (ppm) were found to be quercetin(2.7), apegnin(1.7), rutin(6.2), and quercetrin(0.5) in leaf, but was found quercetin to be 0.3 in fruit and rutin 1600.83 in seed. The fatty acid contents of fruit were found to be linolenic as major content (45.97%) followed by linoleic (21.6%),palmitic (15.79) and oliec (10.07). Seed contained 20.41% saturated acids (0.13 Myristic, 14.14% palmitic, 5.64% stearic, 0.38% arashidic )and 79.55% unsaturated acids ( 72.28% oliec, 6.36% linoleic). The leaf oil contains 29.61% saturated acids (7.69 % myristic, 18.21 % palmitic, 3.15 % stearic, 0.56% arashidic ) and 66.88% unsaturated acids ( 28.96% oleic, 15.15% linoleic and 16. 15%linolenic ). Biological evaluation of papaya fruit and leaf extracts were carried out on male albino rats. It was found that these extracts had a significant effect as antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic.