Development of "Miscanthus" the Promising Bioenergy Crop
2010
Moon, Y.H., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Koo, B.C., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Choi, Y.H., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Ahn, S.H., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Bark, S.T., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Cha, Y.L., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | An, G.H., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Kim, J.K., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea | Suh, S.J., Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA, Muan, Republic of Korea
In order to suggest correct direction of researches on Miscanthus spp. which are promising bioenergy crop, authors had reviewed and summarized various literature about botanical taxonomy, morphology and present condition of breeding, cultivation and utilization of miscanthus. Among the genus of Miscanthus which are known 17 species, the most important species are M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus which origin are East Asia including Korea, and M. x giganteus which is inter-specific hybrid of tetraploid M. sacchariflorus and diploid M. sinensis. Miscanthus is superior to other energy crops in resistance to poor environments including cold, saline and damp soil, nitrogen utilization efficiency, budget of input energy and carbon which are required for producing biomass and output which are stored in biomass. The major species for production of energy and industrial products including construction material in Europe, USA and Canada is M. x giganteus which was introduced from Japan in 1930s. In present, many breeding programs are conducted to supplement demerits of present varieties and to develop "Miscanes" which is hybrid of miscanthus and sugar cane. In Korea, the researches on breeding and cultivation of miscanthus were initiated in 2007 by collecting germplasms, and developed "Goedae-Uksae 1" which is high biomass yield and "mass propagation method of miscanthus" which can improve propagation efficiency in 2009. In order to develop "Korean miscanthus industry" in future, the superior varieties available not only domestic but also foreign market should be developed by new breeding method including molecular markers. Researches on production process of cellulosic bio-ethanol including pre-treatment and saccharification of miscanthus biomass also should be strengthen.
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