Peculiarities of manifestation of the vegetative and reproductive heterosis effect in the homologated maize hybrids | Particularitatile manifestarii efectului heterozis vegetativ si reproductiv la hibrizi omologati de porumb
2013
Mihalachi, A.
There have been studied a large range of homologated maize hybrids and their parental forms concerning the manifestation of heterosis effect in the DNA molecules and protein markers as well as at the functional level, i.e. according to leaf water regime indicators in terms of drought. However, a comparative analysis of the results is not possible without knowing the traditional features of somatic and reproductive heterosis, which requires thorough study of the biometric and gravimetric indices of the phenotypic manifestation of heterosis in maize. As research material 15 homologated maize hybrids and their parental forms were used, including 11 parental hybrid forms and 32 parental inbred lines. For most studied biometric and gravimetric indices there were established the following specific features: increasing trend of the absolute values growth from the homozygous to heterozygous forms of maize and the trend of the variation coefficient decrease from the homozygous to heterozygous forms of maize. The performed research proved the importance of determining real values of heterosis in comparison with those of hypothetical heterosis according to a particularly studied phenotypic indicator, fact which allows to identify the hybrid forms with the most stable positive manifestations of the heterosis effect. Out of 14 studied indicators, only two - “plant height” and “seed harvesting” - are relevant in the objective assessment of heterosis manifestations at different levels of biological organization: reproductive, somatic, adaptive and molecular.
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