Water consumption variation among rice varieties showing possibility to explore benefit of water use efficiency
2011
Supijatno | Junaedi, A. | Chozin, M.A. | Lubis, I. | Santosa, E., Bogor Agricultural Univ., Jl. Meranti. Kampus IPB. Darmaga, Bogor 16680 (Indonesia). Dept of Agronomy and Horticulture
Economic value of water should be considered in relation with water scarcity and expansion of water consumption for other sectors outside of agriculture. Water use efficient varieties may have good opportunity as a reasonable option that could produce rice grain efficiently. This study was conducted to determine water consumption among rice genotypes that conventionally cultivated as lowland (IR64, IPB97-F-15, Ciherang, Menthik Wangi, and Rokan hybrid), up land (Jati Luhur, Silugonggo), and amphibian type (Way Apo Buru, that could be planted both as lowland and upland). Rice seedlings at 14 days old were transplanted in a plastic container (67 cm length, 47 cm width and 37 cm depth, containing 83 kg of air dried soil), 1 plant per hole and 6 plants per container. The experiment was conducted in a vinyl house, using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. During rice growing, water table was maintained at 2 cm above soil surface, and water was added and recorded weekly. Plant height,leaves number, tiller number, leaves chlorophyll content, leaves thickness, stomata number, and photosynthetic activity were also observed. The results showed that water consumption among varieties were significantly different. IR64 variety showed the smallest consumption of water, whereas Jatiluhun variety showed the highest one. The amount of water consumption among rice varieties were recorded in range of 15.93 to 24.13 liter per plant, or equal with 3,639 to 4827 cu m per ha. The finding may guide us to explore benefit of water use efficient variety as sustainable option in water management of rice cultivation.
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