Toxicological aspect of raw and fermented (Furundu) (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seed on Wistar Rats
2011
Hassan, A.A
Raw Hibiscus sabdariffa seed or its fermented product (Furundu) was fed to Wistar rats at 10, 15 and 20% of the standard diet for 12 weeks. Incorporation in the diet of the three doses of both was toxic but not fatal. Depression in growth and hepatonephrotoxicity were observed in rats that had been given 10, 15 and 20% raw H sabdariffa seeds and Furundu for 12 weeks. These findings were accompanied by leukocytosis, macrocytic normochromic anaemia in rats fed on the raw seed and those fed 20% Furundu and macrocytic hypochromic, normocytic hypochromic anaemia in rats fed on 10 and 15% Furundu respectively, In addition to alterations in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and albumin, globulin, bilirubin and cholesterol concentrations. At the end of the experimental period (12 weeks), total protein and urea concentration of the test groups fed on the raw seed, the albumin and globulin concentrations of all the test groups fed on 10, 15 and 20% Furundu and the urea concentration of group 3 fed on 15% Furundu remained unchanged. Histopathological examination showed cytoplasmic vacuolation and necrosis of the centrilobular hepatocytes, necrosis of the renal proximal convoluted tubules and packing of the glomeruli and haemorrhage of rats fed on 10 and 20% H. sabdariffa seed respectively. Fatty cytoplasmic vacuolation of the centrilobular hepatocytes and lymphocytic infiltration, desquamation of the intestinal epithelium and intestinal congestion were noticed in rats fed on 20% Furundu. Hibiscus sabdariffa seed and its fermented product Furundu are considered enterohepatoneric toxic to Wistar rats at dietary levels of 10, 15 and 20%
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