CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF 27 COLLECTIONS OF SPECIAL MAIZE GERMPLASM RESOURCES | 27份特用玉米种质资源聚类分析

中国人. 特用玉米是与普通玉米相比具有一种或数种不同特殊性状的玉米类型的统称。本研究采用SRAP方法对27份特用玉米种质资源进行分子聚类，并结合其农艺性状、品质性状、生理指标进行聚类分析。通过SRAP聚类并以阈值为0．67将其为三类，遗传相似系数在0．63-1．00之间，平均值为0．82。农艺性状聚类分析以阈值3．52将其划分为四大个类，第Ⅳ类群株型较好，适合特用玉米种质资源的选育。品质性状聚类分析以5．48为闽值将其分为三大类，第Ⅲ类群蛋白质、脂肪、赖氨酸含量最高，属高油玉米类型，但是该类群籽粒水分含量较大对特用玉米品质性状有一定的影响，对此类群需要将水分含量降低，利用其高脂肪含量的特点进行进一步选育。生理指标聚类分析在阈值2．51处将27份特用玉米种质资源划分为大三类，第Ⅲ类的相对叶片叶绿素含量均值最大，相对电导率值适中，说明该类群在花期光合能力较强，对外界环境有一定的抵御能力，是从生理方面选育的优良品种。综合四方面聚类分析，本研究得出10、12号是高油特用玉米类型，穗位较低，籽粒品质性状较好，叶绿素及氮含量较高，相对电导率较低，是特用玉米品质性状遗传改良及新种质选育的好品种，可与分子聚类相结合选择亲缘关系较远的品种与其进行杂交育种工作。

英语. Special maize compared with common maize type, which had one or several different special traits. SRAP molecular cluster analysis of 27 special maize germplasm resources and combined cluster analysis with agronomic traits, quality traits, physiologieal indicators. Through the SRAP cluster analysis with a threshold of 0.67, 27 copies of maize germplasm resources were divided into three types, the genetic similarity coefficient ranged 0.63 - 1.00 and an average value of 0.82. Cluster analysis of agronomic traits with a threshold of 3.52 divided the collections into four groups and the IV group was better for special maize resources breeding. Through Cluster analysis for quality traits of 5.48 threshold, they was divided into three categories, then type III gathered the germs with high content of protein, fat, lysine and high - oil maize. But high grain moisture content would have a certain impact to quality. The group need lower moisture content and high fat in special maize breeding. Physiological index clustering analysis in tile threshold of 2.51 could divide the 27 collections into three categories. Tile type III was high in leaf chlorophyll eontent and nitrogen content and moderate in relative electrical conductivity value. It indicates that the group had a high photosynthetic ability, good nitrogen condition and certain resistance to the external environment in physiological aspects. Comprehensive analysis of the four aspects, No. 10 and No. 12 were the high oil maize type, lower ear, better grain quality, high chlorophyll and nitrogen content, the relatively low conductivity, could be listed as special good varieties. They were suitable for genetic improvement and breeding, assistant with molecular marker cluster selection and crossing ability selection.