Relationship between Habitat Selection of Giant Panda and Forest Community Characters in Qinling Mountains | 秦岭大熊猫栖息地选择与森林群落

中国人. 以海拔、坡度、坡向、郁闭度、灌木盖度、竹子密度以及竹子生物量等指标为自变量,对秦岭大熊猫冬季栖息地森林群落进行聚类分析和因子分析。结果表明：秦岭大熊猫冬季栖息地居地森林群落主要以锐齿栎林为主,地形较为平坦,平均坡度为11.7°,坡向以东南坡为主;乔木的郁闭度为0.59,其高度、胸径和年龄都最大而密度和多样性指数最低;灌木的盖度、高度都比较高而多样性指数比较低,分别为0.74,1.77m,0.76;竹子的密度和生物量也都比较高,分别为9.28万株・hm-2,15.78t・hm-2。夏季栖息地森林群落以巴山冷杉林为主,地形较为平缓,平均坡度为17.2°,坡向以东南坡和东北坡为主;森林郁闭度为0.60;乔木的多样性指数比较低,为0.67,其高度、胸径和年龄都明显最高而密度比较低;灌木的盖度、高度都比较高而多样性指数比较低,分别为0.71,1.22m,0.69;竹子的密度和生物量都比较高,分别为46.56万株・hm-2,8.76t・hm-2。通过因子分析,竹子生物量和灌木盖度是影响大熊猫栖息地选择的主导因子,这可能与为秦岭大熊猫提供充足的食物资源密切相关.

英语. This study was conducted at forest communities of giant panda habitats in Foping National Nature Reserve, Longcaoping Nature Reserve and Pingheliang Nature Reserve. The data of altitude, slope, aspect, canopy density, shrub coverage, bamboo density and bamboo biomass were collected to conduct cluster analysis and factor analysis. The results showed that the forest communities of the winter habitat of the giant panda were mainly constituted by Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forests. The slopes were relatively plain with an average degree of 11.7°and the slope aspects were mainly Southeast; The canopy density, shrub coverage, bamboo density, bamboo biomass were 0.59, 74%, 92 800 plants・hm-2 and 15.78 t・hm-2, respectively. The forest communities of the summer habitat of the giant panda habitat were mainly constituted by Abies fargesii forests. The slopes were relatively gentle with an average degree of 17.2°and the slope aspects were mainly Southeast and Northeast. The canopy density, shrub coverage, bamboo density, bamboo biomass were 0.6, 71%, 465 600 plants・hm-2and 8.76 t・hm-2, respectively. According to the results of factor analysis, the bamboo biomass and shrub coverage were the main factors regulating the habitat selection of giant pandas, which may be closely related to ample food resources for giant pandas in those habitats.