Antimicrobial activity of 10 edible spice essential oils against phytopathogenic fungi | 10种香料植物挥发油的抑菌活性研究

中国人. 为了研究香料植物的抑菌活性, 为进一步开发植物源杀菌剂提供理论参考, 采用生长速率法及悬滴法测定10种香料植物挥发油对茄镰孢（Fusarium solani）、链格孢（Alternaria alternata）、核盘菌 [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum（Lib.）de Bary]、齐整小核菌（Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.）、束状炭疽菌 [Colletotrichum dematium （Pers.）Grove] 的抑制活性。结果表明,肉桂、草果、香茅具有较强的抑菌活性, 在浓度为0.5g/L时对供试的5种植物病原菌菌丝抑制率均达100%, 对茄镰孢、链格孢、束状炭疽菌的孢子萌发抑制率均高于90%。 0.5g/L浓度的香茅挥发油对5种目标菌的抑制作用达到100%, 与30%苯甲.丙环唑乳油杀菌剂作用等同, 且高于75%百菌清可湿性粉剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂等常规杀菌剂。本研究结果表明, 香茅值得进一步研究开发。

英语. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activities of 10 edible spice plants, to provide a theoretical reference for further exploitation of plant fungicides. Using growth rate and hanging drop methods, the antimicrobial activity of essential oils from 10 edible spice plants were assayed against Fusarium solani, Alternaria alternate, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Colletotrichum dematium. The results showed that Cinnamomum cassia, Amomum tsaoko and Cymbopogon citratus have strong antimicrobial effects. Their inhibitory ratios against the mycelium growth of the 5 pathogen tested, and the spore germination of F.solani, A.alternate, and C.dematium were all 100%.At the concentration of 0.5 g/L, the antifungal activity of C.citratus was stronger than 75% chlorothalonil WP, 50% carbendazim WP and 70% thiophanate-methyl WP, reaching the same level of 30% difenoconazole and propiconazole EC.C.citratus deserves further research and development.