Mating system analysis of three endangered Ballota species,labiatae,growing in St.Catherine protectorate, Egypt
2011
Zaghloul, M.S. | Hamrick, J.L. | Moustafa, A.A.
Ballota undulata, .kaiseri, and B. saxatilis are very rare (and endemic -B. kaiserl)threatened species growing in St. Catherine Protectorate, southern Sinai, Egypt. They are subjected to a number of threats which cause the populations to diminish. Mating systems were studied to help in deciding which populations should be given priority. for conservation efforts. Multilocus (tm) and single-locus (ts) outcrossing rates and .pollen allele frequencies were estimated for fourteen populations of Ballola undulata, one of B. kaiseri, and another of B. saxalilis using maximum likelihood procedures and based on the multilocus mixed-mating model of Ritland and Jain (1981). The results of this study indicated that Ballota undulata, B. kaiseri, and B. saxalilis are largely outcrossing, with at least 79-100% of matings within populations occurring between two individuals. The level of biparental inbreeding (8-15 %) is not sufficient to account for the observed selfing in most of the populations, indicating that there is minor real selfing occurring. This study provides guidelines for conservation of Ballota species and highlights the importance of maintaining its natural pollinators.
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