Prospects for advancing defense to cereal rusts through genetical genomics

Ballini , Elsa
        INRA
        , Montpellier .
         UMR 0385 Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée; Lauter , Nick
        . Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, US Department of Agriculture -Agricultural Research Service, Center for Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses; Wise , Roger
        . Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, US Department of Agriculture -Agricultural Research Service, Center for Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses

Prospects for advancing defense to cereal rusts through genetical genomics

2013

Ballini , Elsa (INRA , Montpellier (France). UMR 0385 Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée ) | Lauter , Nick (Iowa State University, Ames, IA(Etats-Unis). Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, US Department of Agriculture -Agricultural Research Service, Center for Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses) | Wise , Roger (Iowa State University, Ames, IA(Etats-Unis). Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, US Department of Agriculture -Agricultural Research Service, Center for Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses)

Rustsareoneofthemostseverethreatstocerealcropsbecausenewpathogenracesemergeregularly,resultingininfestationsthatleadtolargeyieldlosses.In1999,anewraceofstemrust,Pucciniagraminisf.sp.tritici(PgtTTKSKorUg99),wasdiscoveredinUganda.Mostofthewheatandbarleycultivarsgrowncurrentlyworldwidearesusceptibletothisnewrace.PgtTTKSKhasalreadyspreadnorthwardintoIranandwilllikelyspreadeastwardthroughouttheIndiansubcontinentinthenearfuture.Thisscenarioisnotuniquetostemrust;newracesofleafrust(Pucciniatriticina)andstriperust(Pucciniastriiformis)havealsoemergedrecently.Onestrategyforcounteringthepersistentadaptabilityofthesepathogensistostackcomplete-andpartial-resistancegenes,whichrequiressignificantbreedingeffortsinordertoreducedeleteriouseffectsoflinkagedrag.Thesevariedresistancecombinationsaretypicallymoredifficultforthepathogentodefeat,sincetheywouldbepredictedtoapplylowerselectionpressure.GeneticalgenomicsorexpressionQuantitativeTraitLocus(eQTL)analysisenablestheidentificationofregulatorylocithatcontroltheexpressionofmanytohundredsofgenes.Integrateddeploymentofthesetechnologiescoupledwithefficientphenotypingofferssignificantpotentialtoelucidatetheregulatorynodesingeneticnetworksthatorchestratehostdefenseresponses.Thefocusofthisreviewwillbetopresentadvancesingeneticalgenomicexperimentaldesignsandanalysis,particularlyastheyapplytotheprospectsfordiscoveringpartialdiseaseresistanceallelesincereals.

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