Long-term pollution by chlordecone of tropical volcanic soils in the French West Indies: A simple leaching model accounts for current residue

Cabidoche , Yves-Marie
        INRA
        , Petit-Bourg .
         UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe; Achard , Raphaël
        . UPR Systemes Bananes et Ananas; Cattan , Philippe
        . UPR Systèmes Bananes et Ananas; Clermont-Dauphin , Claridge
        INRA
        , Petit-Bourg .
         UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe; Massat , Félix
        .; Sansoulet , Julie
        INRA
        , Petit-Bourg .
         UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe

Long-term pollution by chlordecone of tropical volcanic soils in the French West Indies: A simple leaching model accounts for current residue

2009

Cabidoche , Yves-Marie (INRA , Petit-Bourg (France). UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe) | Achard , Raphaël (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le DéveloppementPôle de Recherche Agro-Environnementale de la Martinique, Le LamentinLe Lamentin(France). UPR Systemes Bananes et Ananas) | Cattan , Philippe (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Capesterre-Belle-Eau(France). UPR Systèmes Bananes et Ananas (Guadeloupe)) | Clermont-Dauphin , Claridge (INRA , Petit-Bourg (France). UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe) | Massat , Félix (Laboratoire Départemental d’Analyses de la Drôme, Valence(France).) | Sansoulet , Julie (INRA , Petit-Bourg (France). UR 0135 Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe)

Chlordecone was applied between 1972 and 1993 in banana ﬁelds of the French West Indies. This resulted in long-term pollution of soils and contamination of waters, aquatic biota, and crops. To assess pollution level and duration according to soil type, WISORCH, a leaching model based on ﬁrst-order desorption kinetics, was developed and run. Its input parameters are soil organic carbon content (SOC) and SOC/water partitioning coefﬁcient (Koc). It accounts for current chlordecone soil contents and drainage water concentrations. The model was valid for andosol, which indicates that neither physicochemical nor microbial degradation occurred. Dilution by previous deep tillages makes soil scrapping unrealistic.Lixiviation appeared the main way to reduce pollution. Besides the SOC and rainfall increases, Koc increased from nitisol to ferralsol and then andosol while lixiviation efﬁciency decreased. Consequently, pollution is bound to last for several decades for nitisol, centuries for ferralsol, and half a millennium for andosol.

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