Clonal emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M-2)-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow isolates with reduced susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin among poultry and humans in Belgium and France (2000 to 2003)
2006
Bertrand , Sophie (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella / Bacteriology Division) | Weill , François-Xavier (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInstitut Pasteur, ParisParis(France). U389 Unité Pathogénie Microbienne MoléculaireCentre National de Référence des Salmonella, Unité de Biodiversité des Bactéries Pathogènes Emergentes) | Cloeckaert , Axel (INRA (France). UR 0086 Unité de recherche Bio-Agresseurs, Santé, Environnement) | Vrints , Martine (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Btuxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, Bacteriology Division) | Mairiaux , Eric (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, Bureau of Quality Assurance) | Praud , Karine (INRA (France). UR 0086 Unité de recherche Bio-Agresseurs, Santé, Environnement) | Dierick , Katlijne (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, Bacteriology Division) | Wildemauve , Christa (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, Phage Typing Centre) | Godard , Claudine (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, Phage Typing Centre) | Butaye , Patrick (Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department of Bacteriology and Immunology) | Imberechts , Hein (Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department of Bacteriology and Immunology) | Grimont , Patrick A.D. (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInstitut Pasteur, ParisParis(France). U389 Unité Pathogénie Microbienne MoléculaireCentre National de Référence des Salmonella, Unité de Biodiversité des Bactéries Pathogènes Emergentes) | Collard , Jean-Marc (Scientific Institute of Public Health, Bruxelles(Belgique). Department Pasteur Institute, National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella / Bacteriology Division)
Antibiotic treatment is not required in cases of Salmonella enterica gastroenteritis but is essential in cases of enteric fever or invasive salmonellosis or in immunocompromised patients. Although fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins are the drugs of choice to treat invasive Salmonella, resistance to these antibiotics is increasing worldwide. During the period 2000 to 2003, 90 Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow poultry and poultry product isolates and 11 serovar Virchow human isolates were found to produce an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, CTX-M-2, concomitantly with a TEM-1 beta-lactamase. The bla(CTX-M-2) gene was located on a large conjugative plasmid (>100 kb). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated a clonal relationship between the poultry and human isolates. All these isolates displayed additional resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline as well as a reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MICs of between 0.5 and 1 mu g/ml). CTX-M-2-producing Salmonella with a reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones constitutes a major concern, since such strains could disseminate on a large scale and jeopardize classical antibiotic therapy in immunocompromised patients.
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