Effect of minimum and conventional soil tillage on bulk density in the plough layer | Minimālās un tradicionālās apstrādes ietekme uz augsnes tilpummasu aramkārtā
2014
Berzins, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Ruza, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Sprincina, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Grinvalds, M., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Lankovskis, E., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of minimum soil tillage on soil bulk density during the spring – autumn period in comparison with the traditional soil tillage technology which is used by many farms. The soil bulk density in the plough layer was determined with capillary porosity applying an impregnation method in both treatments with traditional and minimum tillage. Certified cylinders with the capacity of 100 cm**3 and the height of 5 cm, sampling depths: 0 – 5; 5 – 10, 10 – 15, 15 – 20, 20 – 25 and 25 – 30 cm were used. Soil bulk density had been determined in spring - 2 weeks following drilling or soil tillage, as well as in autumn - after harvesting. The mathematical analysis of data was performed with the variance analysis method used for the calculation of the last significant difference RS0.95 at confidence interval P0.95 and variant impact indicator η%, expressed in %. On the whole, soil bulk density in spring at the depth of 5 – 20 cm was relatively lower following the traditional soil tillage than following the minimum tillage, but at the depth of 20 to 30 cm the results were similar. When analysing the changes of soil bulk density in spring in treatments with soil shelling at the depth of 0 – 5 cm (minimum tillage), significantly higher soil bulk density in deeper soil layers could be observed already 2 weeks following the tillage, if compared with 0 – 5 cm layer, because the top soil was loosened more intensively, but the deeper layers of soil were compacted. It created favourable conditions for seed germination due to the loose surface and dense seed beds thus ensuring the access of moisture to crop seeds resulting in yield increase.
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