Ennomine moths of the Philippines (Lepidoptera:Geometridae:Ennominae)

This study aimed to consolidate past and recent scientific knowledge about Philippine Ennominae. The author's 2004 checklist was updated. From an initial listing of 29 Ennominae genera and 76 species, the present checklist recorded 59 genera and 176 species. Philippine Ennominae is composed of 13 tribes, namely: Abraxini (1 genus and 1 specie) Boarmiini (27 genera and 120 species), Baptini (5 genera and 9 species), Cassymini (6 genera and 12 species), Caberini (2 genus and 4 species), Eutoeini (2 genera and 4 species), Gonondotini (2 genera and 2 species), Hypochrosini (8 genera and 16 species), Lithinini (3 genera and 5 species), Macariini (4 genera and 7 species), Ourapterygini (1 genus and 1 species), Plutodini (1 genus and 1 species), and Thinopterygini (1 genus and 2 species). Of these, Abraxini, Boarmiini, Cassymini, Gonodontini, Macariini, Ourapterygini and Thinoptergini were retrieved from postwar Philippine collections. Boarmiini is represented by 14 genera: Abraxas (1 specie), Alcis (3 species), Amblychia (2 species), Amraica (1 species), Biston (2 species), Bracca (species with only two specimens examined), Chiasmia (3 species), Chrodna (1 species), Cleora (4 species), Craspedosis (1 species) and one specimen ezxamined), Hyposidra (2 species), Milionia (3 species), Ophthalmites (1 species) and Dasykoarmia (1 species). Thinopterygini, Cassymini, Gonodontini and Ourapterygini are composed of Thinopteryx (2 species), Zamarada (1 species) Xylinophylla (1 species) and Ourapteryx (1 specie). Of the 30 species representing these four retrieved tribes, 26 are new Philippine records. Aberrant individuals from the Genus Braccca and Craspedosis were also described. Two new host-plant records were also determined. The geometrid moth Zamanadaeogenariais newly-recorded on mango (Mangifera indica) while the moth Chiasmiatranslineata is newly-recorded on acacia or raintree (Samanea saman). Keys to the tribes and species of Philippine Ennominae were provided. In addition to these, a cladogram illustrating phylogeny of Philippine Ennominae was also presented. Thecladogram generated from 36 taxa and 14 characters yielded a strict consensus phylogenetic tree of 38 parsimonious cladograms rooted at the Archiearinae out group, Archiearisparthenias. It was observed that homoplasy in the female genitalia resulted to doubtful group associations. It provided little use in revealing tribal relationships within Philippine Ennominae. Thus, it is suggested that future studies make use of a larger set of samples in order to provide better estimates of variation.