Analysis of genetic diversity in a Jian carp family and correlation of microsatellite markers and economic traits | 一个建鲤家系的遗传多样性及微卫星标记与经济性状相关性分析

中国人. 选用16个微卫星标记对1个建鲤家系遗传多样性及这些位点与体质量、体型相关性进行分析。这16个微卫星位点在该建鲤群体中共检测出53个等位基因和58种基因型，平均等位基因3.3个，基因型3.6种；各位点平均观察杂合度（Ho）、期望杂合度（He）分别为0.829 1和0.648 5；所检测的多态信息含量（PIC）为0.292～0.703，平均为0.576 6；个体间的遗传距离为0.1057～0.5066，平均为0.403 9；平均固定系数（FIS）为-0.284，说明该建鲤群体存在杂合子过剩现象。实验结果表明，该建鲤群体多态信息含量丰富，遗传多样性水平较高，具有较大的选育潜力。最小二乘方差分析结果显示，位点CCA19中AA型个体，位点KOI55-56中BD、CD型个体和位点HLJ320中AB型个体有望作为以体质量为选育目标的辅助标记；位点KOI83-84中AC型、BC型个体有望作为以体型为选育目标的辅助标记。

英语. In this study, 16 microsatellite loci were chosen and their polymorphisms and their association with body weight and body shape were studied in a Cyprinus carpio var. jian family. A total of 53 alleles and 58 genotypes were detected in the population by the 16 loci, with the average of 3.3 and 3.6 respectively. The average observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.829 1 and 0.648 5 respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.292 to 0.703, and the average was 0.577 6. The average fixation index (FIS) was -0.284, which indicated that heterozygote excess existed in the population. The results showed that with rich polymorphism information content and large genetic diversity, this the C. carpio var. jian family has a large selection potential. The least-square method was used to analysis the microsatellite markers associated with the traits of body weight and body shape. The results suggested that genotype AA of CCA19, genotype BD and CD of KOI55 - 56, genotype AB of HLJ320 might be regarded as the candidate-marker for body weight trait, genotype AC and BC of KOI83 - 84 might be regarded as the candidate-marker for body shape trait.