Identification of soybean (Glycine max L.) characteristics influencing on weed competition to use in breeding programs.
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Baghestani Meybodi, M. A. | Sadeghi, H.
In order to evaluate competitive ability and identification of effective characteristics soybean with weeds, in 1999-2000 an experiment was conducted in the field of Karaj research department in a randomized compel block design with five treatments [control (soybean without weed), Red root pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Barnyard grass (Echinochloa curs-gaul) and Common lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album)] and four replications. Results of analysis of variance indicated significant difference between weed treatments. So that soybean yield, number of pods per plant, number of branches, chlorophyll content in soybean leaves and percentage of radiation interception within soybean canopy varied under different treatments. Velvetleaf Red root pigweed, Barnyard grass and Common lamb's quarters had respectively the most negative effects on soybean yield. Evaluation of growth indices showed that Velvet leaf had maximum rate of crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and total dry matter (TDM) , and also decreased the total dry matter(TDM) , crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and leaf area index (LA!) of soybean, and Red root pigweed , Barnyard grass and Common lamb's quarters were loss competitive than Velvet leaf with soybean. In general, increasing in CGR, RGR, TDM and LA! of weeds increased competitive. ability of weeds with soybeen. Determining the role of soybean characteristics in competitive ability with weeds, the distinguish increases of TDM, CGR, LA! and number of soybean branches. Therefor, improvement of these characteristics can make an important role in better soybean competitive ability. Key words: Soybean (Glycine max L.) weeds competition, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf area index and yield.
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