Study of rate and effective factors on grain losses in wheat harvesting combines in Khouzestan province
2009
Dehghan, Elyas | Afzali, Sayed Mohammad Javad | Alizadeh, Manoochehr
The wheat is important crop in Khouzestan province with 680000 hectares cropping area. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of effective factors on grain losses in 42 wheat harvester combines (JOHN DEERE 955) operated in Khouzestan farms in 2007. Mean of grain moisture content (W.B.) in harvest time was 12.8 percent. Local evaluated harvester combines were 16.5 percent. Mean age of combine's was 13 years. The combines under 10 years, 10-15 years and up to 15 years age were 38, 20 and 42 percents respectively. 73 and 27 percents of evaluated combines had Pickup and slat reel respectively. 31 percents of harvesting farms in this study were planting by seed drill and the rest were broadcasted by centrifuge. The results showed that mean of total wheat grain losses in Khouzestan province was 8.5 percent, included 2 and 6.5 percents for natural and combine losses respectively. The most combine grain losses (4.6 percents) obtained in cutting platform unit. Mean of grain losses in threshing, straw walkers and cleaning unites were 1.1, 0.3 and 0.5 percents respectively. Broken grains and impure materials such as sand, straw and weed seeds in grain tank were found 3.3 and 4 percents respectively. Mean number of cuter bar broken finger was one per each combine (one finger broken equivalent grain losses 1.5 percents). Mean of grain losses in local and income combines from other places were 7.6 and 6.3 percents respectively. Plot Widths were not proper multiple of combine platform Width in 30 percents of evaluated farms. Mean of combine forward speed and field capacity were 2 km/h and 0.65 ha/h respectively.
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