Identification and initial study on important mango fungal and bacterial diseases in south of Iranύ
2014
Amani ,majed | Aminaee. mohammad mahdi | Zebarjad, Abdolah
One of the most important ways to improve and increase the yield and quality of mango cultivation in Iran, is considering issues to the problems of plant protection that identification and detection of damaging agents such as the bacterial and fungal diseases will accomplish this research. Considering the economic importance of the mango and with development policies this crop, this research was carried out for the preliminary diagnosis and identification of the most fungal and bacterial pathogens on mango in southern of Kerman, Hormozgan, Sistan & Baluchestan provinces for two years and six months during 2011-2013. In this study, while the visited mango orchards, plant parts suspected to the disease were collected to isolation, identification and then pathogenicity test was performed. For this purpose, 36 gardens were visiting and sampling of different parts with suspected the disease, including roots, twigs, leaves, inflorescence and fruit of mango trees, Were performed. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, according to conventional laboratory methods with using the general and specific media the pathogen agents were isolated. After the Pathogenicity isolated agents; all important agents of fungal and bacterial pathogens in the mango orchards were detected with known keys mycological and biochemical methods. In this study symptom of fungal and bacterial diseases such as anthracnose disease, decline and die-back, black spot, sooty mold, blight, blossom blight, bacterial leaf spot and bacterial black spot of Mango were observed in different regions. Isolates which are obtained from samples were sent to the Iranian Plant Protection Institute for the identification and confirmation finally.The fungi Alternaria spp. cause canker, blossom blight and leaf necrosis, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides cause anthracnose, Oidium mangifera cause powdery mildew; species of Capnodium ramosum, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Phoma sp., Macrophoma mangifera and Natrcia mangifera causes branches of death and decay, and bacteria Xanthomonas campestris and Xanthomonas mangiferaeindicae as bacterial leaf spot causes black spots respectively, with a frequency of 20.80, 15.09, 3.77, 5.66, 11.32, 1.88, 3.77, 7.54, 5.66 and 1.88% were isolated and identified from samples collected.
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