Effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on photosynthesis and fruit characteristics of 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)
2012
Han, J.H., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Cho, J.G., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Son, I.C., Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.H., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, I.B., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Choi, I.M., Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Kim, D.I., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
The effects of global warming and CO₂ level were investigated on tree growth and fruit characteristics of 'Niitaka' pear. The treatments consisted of ambient temperature and 390 μLㆍL-¹ CO₂(control group), ambient temperature + 4℃ and 390 μLㆍL-¹ CO₂(elevated temperature group), ambient temperature and 700 μLㆍL-¹ CO₂(elevated CO₂ group), and ambient temperature + 4℃ and 700 μLㆍL-¹ CO₂(elevated climate group). Fruit weight was the highest in elevated CO₂ group (543.0 g), but lowest in elevated temperature group (394.3 g). Flesh firmness at harvest was the highest in elevated temperature group. For fruit skin color, Hunter L* and b* values were not significantly different among treatments, while Hunter a* value was higher on those treated with higher temperature and CO₂ concentration. Photosynthetic rate in July and August was high in plants under elevated CO₂ concentration. In contrast, the elevated temperature and elevated climate groups showed relatively high photosynthetic rate in early July, then became far lower than those of the control and the elevated CO₂ group in late August. Rapid increase in fruit diameter was observed on fruits grown under elevated climate, then slowed down after the middle fruit growth stage. Soluble solids content increased at harvest time in groups with elevated CO₂.
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