Productivity and quality of the winter barley grains in a multifactorial experiment | Produktivnost' i kachestvo zerna ozimogo yachmenya v mnogofaktornom opyte

The paper presents the studies on the following elements of winter barley cultivation technology in field experiments: two forerunner plants – grain pea (À - control) and vetch +oats; three sowing periods – optimal ( - control), acceptable and late;three sowingrates –4,0; 5,0 (Ñ - control) and 6,0 million of viable seeds. As a result of performed investigations, the authors established different responses of two winter barley varieties Tighina and Dostoinii to the forerunner plants, sowing periods and seeding rates. On average, the yield of Dostoinii variety over 3 years(2011-2013)for both forerunner plants was not significant: 2284 kg/ha for grain pea and 2321 kg/ha for the vetch + oats. The yield of Tighina variety having as a forerunner plant vetch + oats was significantly higher - by 164 kg/ha - than the one obtained after peas. The highest grain yield was received from both varieties and for both forerunner plants in terms of respecting the optimum sowing period. The optimum sowing rate was 5,0 mln seeds per ha. The protein content in grains of winter barley variety Tighina after pea is higher than after vetch + oats: 11.66 and 11.02%, respectively. Dispersion analysis allowed to establish the influence degree of each technological element studied in the experiment and their interactions on the yield of investigated winter barley varieties. Over a period of 3 years, the influence degree of the forerunner plant was 15.92% for Tighina variety and 13.92% for Dostoinii variety. The most significant and decisive influence was recorded by the sowing period hence it was of 81.94% for Tighina variety and 72.49% for Dostoinii variety. Tighina variety was not influenced by the change of crop density, while the influence degree of this technological element was of 9.48% for Dostoinii variety.