RATIONAL USE OF TECHNIQUES BIOLOGIZATION ON SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS IN THE UPPER VOLGA AGRICULTURE
2015
Shramko, N.V. | Vihoreva, G.V.
The results of studies conducted in 2011-2014 years, on sod- podzolic medium loa- my cultivated soil, in order to test the effectiveness of the use of bio- crop rotation, green manure and various vapors in Upper conditions. Studied crop rotations with the structure of sowing from 18 to 33 % of winter crops, and from 33 to 50 % of perennial legumes, couples: clean, busy, side- real and combined. Found that the use of the steam field in the Non-Black Earth – reception needs, but it is advisable to use the sidereal or combined couples and especially that it is impor- tant – for winter crops. For example, the yield of winter rye green manure couple on average over three years amounted to – 49,6 t / ha (with the use of fertilizers), which is 31 %) higher than without fertilizer. The effectiveness of the combined steam at 8 – 10 % lower green manure, but 28 – 35 % above the net. Most productive units rotation are: 1. Combined steam – winter rye – spring wheat and 2 pairs of green manure – winter wheat – spring wheat. Their productivity amounted to 31,7 – 40.7 с and 28,9 – 37 quintals per hectare of crop rotation. Optimal saturation of crop rotations perennial legumes, winter crops that are better than the spring using bioclimatic potential arable land, significantly increase its productivity, increase the yield of FFP and straw, improve the balance of soil organic matter. Saturation field rotations perennial legumes by 40 to 50 % of crop rotation leads not only to halt the degradation processes of soil fertility, but also to increase humus component to non-deficit balance. That is, in the humus balance rotations studied, especially when using the technology of intensive supportive and positive processes intensification and increased productivity of arable soil fertili ty by 30 – 60 %.
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