Vasaras miežu maisījumu audzēšanas priekšrocību izpēte | Estimation of the advantages of spring barley mixtures
2016
Locmele, I., State Priekuli Plant Breeding Inst., Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia) | Piliksere, P., State Priekuli Plant Breeding Inst., Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia) | Venta, N., State Priekuli Plant Breeding Inst., Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia) | Legzdina, L., State Priekuli Plant Breeding Inst., Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia)
There are several reasons why a new approach is necessary in cereal breeding. Firstly, the human population is increasing, secondly, non-renewable resources are decreasing, thirdly, the climate is changing, fourthly, the demand for agricultural products grown without chemically synthesized substances is increasing. Considering the above mentioned, varieties of cereals are necessary that can adapt to variable environmental conditions and maintain productivity. This can be achieved via extended genetic diversity within the varieties. One of the ways to achieve this is by growing variety mixtures. With the aim to estimate the advantages of spring barley mixtures in respect to the yield and its stability, competitiveness against weeds and decrease of foliar disease intensity, field trials were established in 2014 and 2015 under organic and conventional farming systems in locations Priekuli and Stende. The trial consisted of eight mixtures of barley varieties and breeding lines and components of mixtures in pure stand. The mixtures combined the characteristics of plants important in low-input and organic farming by using two, three or five components. Three mixtures under one conventional environment each were yielding significantly higher (p is less than 0.05) than the average values of the respective components in pure stand. Some mixtures showed a tendency to be more productive under organic growing conditions. All mixtures can be characterized as relatively stable yielding. The level of infection with foliar diseases in some mixtures decreased, but in some – increased. One mixture showed the advantage in competitiveness against weeds in an early growth stage in two environments.
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