Regeneration and sapling growth of European hornbeam at its northern limit in Latvia
2015
Purina, L., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia);Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia) | Matisons, R., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia) | Katrevics, J., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia) | Jansons, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia);Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia)
The regeneration of European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) has been assessed in the National Gene Reserve Forest near Lukne in the south-western part of Latvia, which is the northernmost point of hornbeam distribution in Europe. In the studied stand, six sampling plots and four transects were established to assess stand structure and the effect of irradiation parameters on stand regeneration. Successful regeneration of hornbeam was shown by its presence in all height and diameter classes. Nevertheless, in the smallest height and diameter classes, an increased abundance of other shade tolerant species (maple (Acer platanoides L.) and lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) was observed. Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) mainly formed a scattered second forest floor and, apparently, competed with hornbeam. Light parameters, particularly, the diffuse radiation, had a significant effect (p=0.05) on the distribution and abundance of hornbeam understory. The threshold values of irradiation parameters for hornbeam were notably higher compared to other species. The number and height of hornbeam saplings correlated tightly with the amount of available light. Nevertheless, under sufficient light conditions hornbeam showed good vitality, thus suggesting suitability of growing conditions.
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