Preliminary studies on macro elements found in soil, forage and grazing stallion in Central Punjab, Pakistan
2015
Shad, H.A. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Chemistry) | Khan, Z.I. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Biological Sciences) | Ahmad, K. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Biological Sciences) | Bashir, H. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Biological Sciences) | Zafar, A. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Biological Sciences) | Noorka, I.R. (University of Sargodha (Pakistan). Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics)
A study has been made on soil, forage and horses to find out the level of four macro elements; sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential by using the horses as a bioindicator to check the environmental pollution. Experimental work was performed on 120 horses, flourished at urban and industrial areas of central Punjab, Pakistan. Different samples from soil, forage, blood and serum were collected in winter and in summer seasons. The samples were analyzed and determined the concentrations of heavy metal (Na, K, Ca and Mg). Generally, the results showed that there are no any change in metal concentration in the blood and serum of horses. Only calcium showed a certain potential for using horses as bio-indicators to find out the level of environmental pollution. The data for sex, age, and chemical composition of the foodstuffs providing to the animals were not determinants in explaining the variation in the concentrations of heavy metals.
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