Bioavailability of Fe and Zn rice lines in normal and phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats
2016
Abilgos-Ramos, R. | Aberin, M.A. | Cena, R. | Quiming, N.
Micronutrient deficiency remains a major nutritional problem in the Philippines. In an effort to combat and provide a long term solution to this concern, rice lines with high iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in the grain are being developed. Two Fe and Zn rice lines (IR68144 and PR35015), and NSIC Rc218 were evaluated in terms of their mineral bioavailability. Their Fe and Zn contents in mg per 100 g were 1.57 and 1.40 for Rc218, 2.56 and 2.17 for IR68144, and 1.45 and 2.31 for PR35015. Bioavailability of Fe in PR35015 was found comparable to that of the supplemented diet but significantly higher than that of IR68144. Consumption of PR35015 significantly increased the body weight of both normal and anemic rats, with simultaneous and significant improvements in the hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC levels. Correlation analysis showed that normal stores of iron in the body diminished the bioavailability of dietary iron, while decreased iron stores due to phenylhydrazine hydrochloride increased iron absorption. No significant change in plasma zinc was observed in all treatments but a positive correlation between the rats' daily zinc intake and the change in their body weight (r=0.822, p0.01) was noted. Future studies should determine the effects of inhibitors such as phytate and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), and fiber content in the mineral bioavailability of rice bred for Fe and Zn.
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