Effects of climate change on the Turkish forests

Climate chancing by this way risk of drought and desertification danger is the most global problem in present. Also, Turkey is situated in the most risky countries related to this problem with its geographical location, climate, topography and soil characteristics. Approximately, 51 million hectares areas have (65 % of total area in Turkey) arid and semi arid features. 54 % of forest stands, 59 % of agricultural areas and 64 % of pastures are exposed medium strong and strong erosion problem. A total of 21.189.000 million hectares are forests and this come across 27,7 % of total terrestrial area of country. A half of these grounds are unproductive. It is expected that negative effects of climate changing will increase on forests and forest products in the big part of earth. Reflects of forests ecosystems against to this changing are differed between systems. Managing forests like plantation forests are face to face with human activities as breeding, thinning and other applications. This kind of managing activities can reduce the effects of changing on climate. Flora composition varies belonging to altitude differences, existing of different climate types. Approximately 12000 plant taxa are growing up in Europe and 9000 of them are present in Turkey. Also, 3000 taxa are endemic plant. These endemic species can be damaged by exposing to negative effects of climate changing. Also, biological diversity, fresh water resources and wild life habitats will be affected by this problem. In addition to this, by global warming, damages of pest insects and other forest pests will be increased and unexpected problems can be occurred in controlling of them. Mediterranean Basin of Turkey is under risk for forest fires. Also, increasing of burned areas by forest fires will be inevitable by global climate chancing. Approximately 7,5 million forest villagers who live in rural areas will be directly effected by changing in forest ecosystems of Turkey. The most significant way of preventing or delaying to global warming is increasing to amount of absorbed CO2 from atmosphere. Forests are considered as the most effective tool owing to consume much more CO2 than other ecosystems and keep attributed carbon very long period.