The role of climate change on the emergence and spread of dengue and other vector-borne diseases.
2017
Bouzid, M.
Vector-borne diseases have a worldwide distribution and are associated with a significant burden causing over one million deaths annually. Dengue and malaria are the most prevalent mosquito-borne diseases globally. Vectors transmit the infections to human and animal hosts and are the primary targets of disease control strategies. These vectors are sensitive to weather conditions, and outbreaks are associated with optimum range of temperature, precipitation and other relevant weather variables. Climate change refers to environmental changes occurring around the world as a result of human activities and is likely to be more severe towards the end of the century if climate mitigation targets are not met. Climate change is, therefore, already changing the epidemiology and distribution of these vector-borne diseases. In this review, the effect of climate change on the emergence and spread of several vector-borne diseases, with a particular focus on dengue, is explored. Additionally, the contribution of other non-climatic key factors driving disease transmission and distribution and influencing the emergence and spread of vector-borne diseases is also discussed.
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