Exploring the Metabolomic Responses of Bacillus licheniformis to Temperature Stress by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
2018
Zixing Dong, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Xiaoling Chen, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Ke Cai, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Zhixin Chen, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Hongbin Wang, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Peng Jin, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Xiaoguang Liu, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China | Kugenthiren Permaul, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa | Suren Singh, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa | Zhengxiang Wang, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
Owing to its high protein secretion capacity, simple nutritional requirements, and GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status, Bacillus licheniformis is widely used as a host for the industrial production of enzymes, antibiotics, and peptides. However, as compared with its close relative Bacillus subtilis, little is known about the physiology and stress responses of B. licheniformis. To explore its temperature-stress metabolome, B. licheniformis strains ATCC 14580 and B186, with respective optimal growth temperatures of 42℃ and 50℃, were cultured at 42℃, 50℃, and 60℃ and their corresponding metabolic profiles were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analyses. It was found that with increased growth temperatures, the two B. licheniformis strains displayed elevated cellular levels of proline, glutamate, lysine, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid, and decreased levels of glutamine and octadecenoic acid. Regulation of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism is likely to be associated with the evolution of protective biochemical mechanisms of B. licheniformis. Our results will help to optimize the industrial use of B. licheniformis and other important Bacillus species.
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