Cyanogenic glucosides from dormancy to flowering time in early and late almonds
2016
Del Cueto, J | Olsen, C E | Møller, B L | Dicenta, F | Sánchez-Pérez, R
Cyanogenic glucosides are well-known defense compounds produced as a protection against her- bivores. In a process called cyanogenesis, a toxic gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is released from cyanogenic glucosides upon tissue disruption. Our research, however, indicates that cyanogenic glucosides could develop new functions in other plant physiological processes, such as dormancy release in flower buds. In order to investigate this hypothesis, flower buds and individual parts of the fully-developed flower of five almond culti vars (early flowering time: ‘Achaak’ and ‘Desmayo’; late flowering time: ‘S3067’ and ‘Lauranne’; extra late flowering time: ‘Penta’) were collected in the experimental orchard of CEBAS-CSIC, in Santomera (Murcia, South-East Spain), to analyze the content of cyanogenic glucosides by LC-MS/MS. The two main cyanogenic glucosides, prunasin and amygdalin, were found in all the varieties, with the concentrations being highest in the bitter variety (‘S3067’). Interestingly prunasin was observed in the flower buds from dormancy having its highest concentration right before flowering took place for all the five cultivars, suggesting that this compound could play an important role in flower development. Moreover, new derivatives of cyanogenic glucosides, namely prunasin amide, acid, anitrile, anitrile apioside and apioside, were also found in the tissues analysed, albeit in much lower concentration. The elevated levels of prunasin found in tissues as pollen or the presence of the new derivates in different parts of almond flower are also discussed
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]