Ekološki prihvatljiva maziva u poljoprivredi / Environmental friendly lubricants in agriculture
2014
Damjanović, Novak (Panevropski Univerzitet Apeiron, Banja Luka (Bosna i Hercegovina)) | Malinović, Borislav (Tehnološki fakultet, Banja Luka (Bosna i Hercegovina)) | Davidović, Zorica (Bargos loa, d.o.o., Beograd (Srbija))
The main function of lubricants is lubrication, i.e. reduction of friction between two surfaces that are in a relative motion. A large part of lubricants, during and after exploitation can enter the environment. From the standpoint of possibilities of lubricants entering the environment, agricultural mechanization is particularly critical due to its usage in the direct nearness of the environment where lubricant can easily come into contact with the soil, water and crops. Continuously, as a result of this, there is a growing demand for use of environmentally friendly lubricants in agriculture, which will in contact with the environment cause minimal harmful effects. Out of all environmentally friendly lubricants, the highest expectations are from the biolubricants that are produced from vegetable oils (triglycerides), or synthetic fatty acid esters. The advantages of vegetable oils as compared to conventional mineral oils are: non-toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, good lubricity, high flash point and viscosity index, low volatility, saving and conservation of nonrenewable resources, less dependence on non-enewable resources, greenhouse gas emission reduction and agricultural production increase. For a more complete commercial use of bio-lubricants it is necessary to implement more research, and the development itself must be directed towards improving the oxidative and hydrolytic stability, low temperature performance and finding opportunities to apply alternative economically friendly raw materials for their production.
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