Uticaj tipa rasprskivača na depoziciju fungicida u zaštiti klasa pšenice / Effects of nozzle type on fungicide deposition in wheat ear protection

Adequate selection of fungicide and well defined application time is 50% of weat ear protection success and general chemical plant protection success. The remaining 50% depends on the application device, or in the case of wheat protection - sprayers. The accuracy of the working components of the sprayer, good adjustment, and the correct choice of nozzles equally define good work of sprayers. In practice, a special problem is the fact that agricultural producers do not have the habit to choose the nozzles according treatment needs (crop development phase, pathogen, type of the fungicide, dose, and weather conditions). Results presented in this paper show the amount of fungicide deposit obtained on the wheat ear in treatment with application rate from 150 to 280 l/ha with different types of nozzles. In case of application rate 200 l/ha with dose of 2 l/ha fungicide on the ear reaches 1.16 l/ha with TFA ASJ 110-03 nozzles treatment. By using classical antidrift ASJ WR 110-04 nozzles the amount of fungicide that reached wheat ear is reduced by 48%, or 0.78 l/ha. The fungicide that does not reach the ear goes to the soil or is carried away by air currents or evaporates. Thus, the losses are much lower when twinfun nozzles are used. If the displayed is shown on an area of 50 ha, it can be concluded that out of 100 liters of applied fungicide, by TFA 110-03 nozzles, fungicide on the weat ear reaches 58 l/50 ha, and when WR 110-04 nozzles are used, 19 liters less fungicide reaches wheat ear, which is 39 l/50ha. A particular problem in practice is the fact that agriculturtal producers use classical fun nozzles, which are the cheapest, but they provide about 20-30% poorer deposition of fungicide than antidrift nozzles. The outcome of this is that the plant reaches 25- 30% of the applied fungicide dose. The correct choice of type/subtype nozzles and its operating parameters can ensure that the plant reaches up to 75% of the applied fungicide dose.