Ekonomski značajne viroze pšenice / Economically important virus diseases of wheat
2016
Stanković, Ivana (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd (Srbija)) | Krstić, Branka (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd (Srbija)) | Bulajić, Aleksandra (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd (Srbija)) | Vučurović, Ana (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd (Srbija))
Every year, leaf mosaic, yellow streaks, and mottling can be commonly observed in wheat fields worldwide. A number of different factors can cause these symptoms, including nitrogen deficiency, winter injury, and virus diseseas. Today, total number of 44 viruses has been aassociated with the crops and 43 viruses can infect wheat under the experimental conditions. Virus infections in wheat range from latent to lethal. Although not consistently present, diseased fields may yield 5 to 10% less grain. Viruses become economically important when they appear in epidemic proportions. One complex of viruses, Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV, Luteovirus, Luteoviridae) is now considered as possibly the most serious disease of wheat and other small grains worldwide. Two other widespread viruses are Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, Tritimovirus, Potyviridae and Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV, Furovirus, Virgaviridae). However, there are additional mite-transmitted viruses, aphidtransmitted viruses, and soilborne viruses that may be important. The emphasis in this article will be on viruses infecting wheat in Serbia: BYDV, WSMV and Brome mosaic virus (BMV, Bromovirus, Bromoviridae). The most practical disease control strategies against wheat viruses are cultivar resistance to the virus and/or to the vector, chemical control of vectors, crop rotation and sanitations.
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