Genetic variability among cattle breeds of Nigeria using thyroid hormone responsive spot 14 alpha gene (THRSPα) through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
2016
Ajayi, Folasade Olubukola (University of Port Harcourt, Choba-Port Harcourt (Nigeria). Department of Animal Science) | Agaviezor, Brilliant Ogagaoghene (University of Port Harcourt, Choba-Port Harcourt (Nigeria). Department of Animal Science) | Nnah, Ebere (University of Port Harcourt, Choba-Port Harcourt (Nigeria). Department of Animal Science)
The genetic variability among three Nigerian indigenous cattle breeds-White Fulani (WF), Red Bororo (RB) and Sokoto Gudali (SG) was carried out using Thyroid Hormone Responsive Spot 14 Alpha Gene (THRSPα) through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of sixty-seven (67) cattle blood samples comprising 30 WF, 25 RB and 12 SG were used. The DNA were extracted from blood samples using Zymobead Genomic DNA extraction kit after which PCR was carried out using 50 ng template DNA, 1.0µM primer (THRSPα), 16µl Nuclease- free water in a BIONEER Accupower premix. Gel electrophoresis was carried out and the gels scored. Statistical analyses were carried out using GENEPOP, PAST, SPSS version 16 and Tools for Population Genetic Analysis (TFPGA) version 1.3. The allelic frequency ranged from 0.3600 to 0.6400 in A and B alleles, average heterozygosity ranged from 0.4608 to 0.4861. Lowest genetic distance of 0.0010 between WF and RB and highest genetic distance of 0.0058 between SG and RB were identified. Lowest genetic identity of 0.9942 between RB and SG and highest genetic identity of 0.9990 between WF and RB was also identified. Two (2) genetic population clusters were identified in the dendogram; WF and RB are in cluster 1 while SG is in cluster 2. Test of Hardy Weinberg equilibrium revealed variation in genotypic frequencies. These results therefore demonstrate variation among these three Nigerian indigenous cattle breeds which is attributed to the response of the breeds to various stimuli which also enhance their survivability and adaptation to their specific environments. Such variation can also be harnessed for conservation and improvement of our indigenous breeds through selection and breeding strategies.
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