Synteny and parallel chromosome walking in the Poaceae
2001
Glaszmann, Jean-Christophe
The grass family (Poaceae) is remarkable for the conservation of the basic structure of their genome: conservation of synteny (distribution of genes between chromosomes) and of colinearity between homologous chromosomes. This conservation is seen despite great genome diversity stemming from the frequency of anonymous repeated sequences (of undetermined function) and the ploidy level (number of copies of the basic chromosomes in the cells). This parallelism allows interspecific transposition of information and creation of common analytical and biological resources. The model species is rice, which among the Poaceae has the simplest genome, which is now being sequenced. Libraries of large fragments of DNA, constituted in Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs), have been constructed for the main species such as rice, sorghum, sugar cane or wheat. The next step is genomic analysis of characteristics such as resistance to diseases, grain quality, plant architecture and drought tolerance. (Texte intégral)
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