Growth Characteristics, Yield and Fruit Soluble Carbohydrate Content of Hydroponically Grown Strawberry with Carbon Dioxide Fertilization
2018
Ryu, H.R., Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Choi, E.Y., Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Choi, K.Y., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
This study aimed to investigate the effects of CO₂ fertilization on vegetative and reproductive growth and fruit yield of plants grown in a commercial strawberry farm. Leaf length and width were 14.3 and 12.2% lower in the CO₂ fertilization than in the control (without CO₂ fertilization), respectively. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductivity, and transpiration rate were significantly lower in the CO₂ fertilization than that in the control treatment. The fresh and dry weights of fruit grown in the CO₂ fertilization were 19.9% and 27.3% higher, respectively, in January. Total yield was higher at 6 to 8 weeks when the CO₂ was applied, but it was not significant. When the fruit carbohydrate concentration was measured in triplicate at a 3-day intervals from the 6th to 13th of January, the sucrose concentration was initially lower in the CO₂ fertilization than that in the control. However, at the second and last time points, it was higher, about 41 μgㆍg-¹ (30 μg / fruit) and 21 μgㆍg-¹ (89 μg / fruit), respectively, than the control. Both glucose and fructose were also about 14 μgㆍg-¹ (68-73 μg / fruit) higher than the control treatment groups at the last time point. Vertical and horizontal hardness, soluble sugar content, and acid content of fruit grown with CO₂ fertilization were slightly higher than the control, although there was no statistical significance. Together, these data suggest that a long-term CO₂ fertilization for a protected cultivation of strawberry crop can reduces vegetative growth, but improves reproductive growth and fruit quality.
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