Toward the development of a one-dose classical swine fever subunit vaccine: antigen titration, immunity onset, and duration of immunity
2018
Rachel F. Madera, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Lihua Wang, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Wenjie Gong, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China | Yulia Burakova, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Sterling Buist, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Jerome Nietfeld, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Jamie Henningson, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Ada G. Cino-Ozuna, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA | Changchun Tu, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China | Jishu Shi, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA
Highly contagious classical swine fever (CSF) remains a major trade and health problem in the pig industry, resulting in large economic losses worldwide. In CSF-endemic countries, attenuated CSF virus (CSFV) vaccines have been routinely used to control the disease. However, eradication of CSFV in a geographical area would require permanent reduction to zero presence of the virus. It is therefore of paramount importance to develop a safe, potent, and non-infectious CSF vaccine. We have previously reported on a cost-effective CSF E2 subunit vaccine, KNB-E2, which can protect against CSF symptoms in a single dose containing 75 꺷g of recombinant CSFV glycoprotein E2. In this study, we report on a series of animal studies undertaken to elucidate further the efficacy of KNB-E2. We found that pigs vaccinated with a single KNB-E2 dose containing 25 꺷g of recombinant CSFV glycoprotein E2 were protected from clinical symptoms of CSF. In addition, KNB-E2-mediated reduction of CSF symptoms was observed at two weeks post-vaccination and the vaccinated pigs continued to exhibit reduced CSF clinical signs when virus challenged at two months and four months post-vaccination. These results suggest that KNB-E2 effectively reduces CSF clinical signs, indicating the potential of this vaccine for safely minimizing CSF-related losses.
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