Dynamics of density and frequency of the most widespread weeds in winter and spring wheat in 2013–2017 | Izplatītāko nezāļu skaita un izplatības dinamika un to ietekmējošie faktori ziemas un vasaras kviešu sējumos 2013.–2017. gadā
2018
Necajeva, J., Latvian Plant Protection Research Centre, Riga (Latvia) | Erdmane, Z., Latvian Plant Protection Research Centre, Riga (Latvia) | Zarina, L., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics | Piliksere, D., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics | Malecka, S., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Priekuli, Priekuli parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics | Melngalvis, I., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture
The weed survey of winter and spring wheat was performed in the period from 2013 to 2017 in 47 farms in Latvia. Data from 392 winter wheat and 259 spring wheat fields were included in the analysis. The effect of different cropping techniques and the geographical location was determined using multivariate analysis. In the period from 2013 to 2017 use of glyphosate-containing products had increased. Weed density was lower in the Western zone, where the proportion of farms classified as more intensive was higher. Average density of Elymus repens and Equisetum arvense had decreased since 2013 in winter wheat, but density of Viola arvensis, Lamium purpureum and Veronica spp. had increased. A higher increase of annual dicotyledonous weed density was observed in spring wheat. Average density of Viola arvensis, Polygonum convolvulus, Lamium purpureum, Fumaria officinalis, Polygonum spp. and Galeopsis spp. had increased in 2013–2017 in spring wheat. In spring wheat there was also an increase in density of Poa annua and decrease in density of Elymus repens. A decrease of the density of Elymus repens can be explained with more frequent use of glyphosate in the surveyed fields. The increase of density of certain species is related to simplified crop rotation including only cereals. In general, total weed density was higher in less intensive farms. However, an increase of Poa annua was observed in both intensive and less intensive farms. Reduced tillage was more frequently used in intensive farms.
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