Yield and quality of 'Meleag' winter soft wheat variety in polifactorial experiences
2018
Starodub, Victor, Tabacari, Ruslan (State Agrarian University of Moldova)
The paper presents and analyzes the grain yield of the common winter wheat variety „Meleag” created at the Research Institute of Field Crops „Selectia” (Republic of Moldova) in polyfactorial field experiments under the effect of the forerunner crops: pea for seeds, sunflower and corn for grains. Wheat was drilled on recommended, admissible and late planting dates at various seeding rates. On average over two years 2017/2018, the experimental results proved the priority of pea for seeds as preceding crop that ensured a wheat yield of 5879.0 kg/ ha due to more favorable conditions for plant growth and development created as a result of earlier harvesting and biological nitrogen presence in the vegetable residues of peas. The yield of wheat kernels after the preceding corn crop constituted 3161.2 kg/ ha, and after sunflower – 3328.3 kg/ha or less by 2717.8 and 2550.7 kg/ha respectively. The admissible and late planting dates taken into study did not positively affect the wheat yield in comparison with the recommended planting date, the first decade of October. The common winter wheat variety „Meleag” recorded a statistically significant positive increase after pea for seeds on the recommended and admissible planting dates at the seeding rate of 6.0 million viable seeds/ha and on the late planting date - at the seeding rate of 8.0 million seeds/ha. After the preceding sunflower crop, a statistically significant positive increase was obtained on the admissible and late planting dates at the seeding rate of 6.0 million seeds/ha and after corn for grains – at the seeding rate of 6.0 million seeds/ha on the admissible planting date. Yield quality was superior after the preceding sunflower crop. Key words: Triticum aestivum; Forerunner crops; Planting date; Seeding rate; Yield; Protein; Gluten.
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