Varietal identification and authentication of International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) developed stress tolerant varieties using SNP finger printing
2017
Magalit, G.A.C.
Rice, a major food crop, provides the caloric need of people around the world. Many institutions focused on varietal improvement of different rice varieties in order to meet the demands of increasing human population. IRRI has developed and released many modern varieties to rice producing countries like Bangladesh and Indonesia, as well as assess the impact of the released modern varieties using their DNA fingerprints. The Illumina Infirnium 6K SNP chip was used to identify the genetic fingerprint of 1171 Bangladesh and 714 Indonesia farmer samples, as well as 25 Bangladesh and 121 Indonesia breeder seed samples for primary reference. The varieties contained in the 3K SNP Seek was used as a secondary reference. Results showed that Bangladesh farmers are still growing traditional varieties (60.46%) together with Bangladesh released modern varieties (21.09%) and India released modern variety, Swarna (19.05%) during the Aman season of 2014-2015. This is in contrast to Indonesian farmers where it was seen that 85.43% of rice that farmers planted in 2015 were modern varieties. This study shows that farmers in Bangladesh are more resilient in modern variety adoption and keeps a higher diversity of planted rice. Indonesia, on the other hand, showed high dependence on one major modern variety, Ciherang, which lowered the diversity of planted rice. However, this study is limited to the number of collected farmer samples as well as the available breeder seed samples for comparison. This study suggests that using DNA fingerprinting increases the reliability of impact assessment results and there is a need for breeding institutions and stakeholders to join hands in distributing modern varieties in order to increased their adoption.
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